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Chapter 4 · DatabasePractice

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1 Outline of Database

p. 247

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Database duplication and integrity1

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p. 247

1 Outline of Database

Methods of handling data in computers include the method that uses files and the method that uses a database. A database is a method where data is consolidated and managed in an integrated manner. This section describes the concepts of a database and its operations.

1 - 1 Difference Between Database and File

Since the file is created for each program, there is a risk that the problem occurs – such as overlapping of data items and data inconsistency because of different contents of overlapping data items. Therefore, as the integrated management of data, the concept of database becomes popular because it prevents overlapping of data and inconsistency of data. · 1 question

Address and age files repeat Student_number and Name; the database combines Student_number, Name, Address and Age in Student_information. The original overlap/inconsistency explanation and caption are included. Source text: • Overlapping of data items: Student number and name of the same student are recorded as overlapping in two files (address file and age file). • Data inconsistency: When the name is modified in the address file but not in the age file, the student with the same student number has a different name. Figure 4-1 File and database — p. 247 · Enlarge

The following functions are required for a database.

Original textbook table, example or syntax box, with its complete original layout. Source text: • Data sharing function It allows identical data to be provided to multiple users. • Data independence function It ensures that data modification does not affect the program. • Data maintenance function It ensures that data is always in the correct status (or there is no contradiction). • Data fault countermeasures function It allows any fault of a database to be quickly addressed. • Data security protection function — p. 247 · Enlarge

p. 248

Original textbook table, example or syntax box, with its complete original layout. Source text: It ensures security of data by setting access rights, and so on. — p. 248 · Enlarge

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New FE Textbook Vol.1 · IT Fundamentals · First Edition, April 2015